Having recently been made aware of the existence of the ARC by Professor Bump, I wondered who if anyone would be willing to admit that they worked there and what they did there. Thinking about the diverse ideas held by students on the issue, I can’t imagine anyone wanting to be upfront about their participation in cruelty towards animals. I was amazed by the experiences described by both students who have been a part of the work done in the ARC. This building has “one hundred experimental laboratories” (551), I can’t begin to imagine how many animals have been in and out of these rooms and all for the purpose of science.
These students vividly described their participation in vivisection experiments which are “commonly understood as dissecting a live animal or performing some other painful operation on it for scientific purposes” (550). A comment was made about how this idea is “a morally complex case of animal abuse” (550) but I couldn’t understand why. After reading their testimonies the only thing that crossed my mind was why would someone want to research these things and still think it morally complex? I understand that the reasoning behind conducting these experiments is mainly for medical advances but when reading the description of the two experiments I couldn’t understand what advances would be obtained.
In one of the experiments they would take Japanese quail and find the “copulatory (sexual) behavior” (553) of birds in different conditions that varied in sexual experience and the novelty of their partners. The second experiment measured the amount of alcohol intake from different genetic strains of mice” (558), no reason was really given for why this experiment was being done. Seriously, what could be learned that will be considered a breakthrough for scientists? In both these cases the students knew what was being done to the animals after they were used and still stuck around thinking of it as a good experience for medical school or as necessary. One of the students even claimed they felt guilty but learned to “love with detachment” (558) in order to continue his work. In reading this I was a little frightened by how easy it becomes to some people to just stand around and make excuses for things that are going on around them. In reading this I was a little frightened by how easy it becomes to some people to just stand around and make excuses for things that are going on around them.
In reading the essay by Carroll, I was a bit confused on his stance on the issue. While I think this is due to reading his book and focusing only on the cruelty described in the book I also think he really was just trying to point out all their mistakes and not really his stance in the matter. “All who recognize the difference of right and wrong must admit, if the question be closely pressed, that, the infliction of pain is in some cases wrong” (541). The problem with this statement to me that it leaves everything up to interpretation allowing for the justification of any action in any situation. Like Carroll points out, corruption exists even when the best intentions are perceived. Who is to say that everyone or a certain group of people should be allowed to make the decision on what is considered to be ok. This is what’s led to events like the Holocaust and slavery, a group believing they know what the right option is. Carroll does point out that “repression of all human sympathies, shall have developed a new and more hideous Frankenstein” (548) showing the importance of really being conscious of the decisions we make in regards to other earthlings.
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Hey Squirrel, I also did not understand the advances to be obtained from the two experiments from the ARC. Julie’s essay says it’s to study the mating habits, but I don’t know enough about the quail to see how that’s important. When in doubt, look it up. As I looked up information about the Japanese Quail, I expected to find information saying how difficult it is to get them to mate or how they weren’t reproducing quickly enough. Instead, the website gwbf.org (which is dedicated to the aviculture and conservation of galliformes—quail) says they are “one of the most widely kept...of all game bird species…easy to raise in both cages and aviaries and they will breed year-round if kept under lights.”1 If there is no shortage of the quails and they breed easily, I automatically think the test is not useful. But now that I know how abundant the quail are, I assume the ARC used the quail for their breeding ability, so the data they collect can be used to represent the mating actions of other animals that do not reproduce as easily. Tests like the one Julie was involved in could probably help endangered species by helping the mating process along. Even then, a quail and a panda do not mate in the same way. I looked into other studies on reproductive habits of quail to discern the purpose of the experiments beyond data collecting. The study on the “Effects of Enclosure Size on Sexual Behavior of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)” said the information gathered “increase[s] the confidence with which laboratory data providing evidence of effects on mating behavior may be extrapolated to field situations.”2 In non-fancy science speech, they believe the quail will react the same way in the wild as they did in the laboratory. After all the numbers, graphs, and complicatedly worded sentences, the experiment came down to data collection. In my opinion, someone who wants to devote that much time to observing the reproductive habits of the quail must really love birds.
ReplyDeleteYour view on Carroll’s writing about vivisection is interesting. In response to Carroll’s statement about admitting the infliction of pain is wrong in some cases, I liked that you pointed out, “The problem with his statement…[is] that it leaves everything up to interpretation allowing for the justification of any action in any situation.”3 That’s exactly the problem with vivisection. With a little imagination and a receptive audience, you can justify almost anything. That’s the problem with people in general: the ignorant accept ideas that it is for the better good, so they justify the action. And even if the scientists justify their actions with “I have good intentions,” you reminded us of Carroll’s idea that “corruption exists when the best intentions are perceived.”4 I’d say the majority of the human population has good intentions, but the number of actual “good” actions is more limited number. Think of it on a personal level. How many times in our life do we intend to make someone else’s life better, justify it with “it’s for their own good,” but end up hurting them in the process? We do it to people we know, so what stops us from hurting animals we don’t know? You’re right, who says a group should be allowed to define between right and wrong? We shouldn’t be allowed to justify actions with good intentions because good intentions do not necessarily mean good actions.
Sources:
1. http://www.gbwf.org/quail/buttonquail.html
2. Galef Jr., Bennett G.; Watkins, Sarah J.; Salehi, Parastoo. Journal of Comparative Psychology. Vol 120(4), Nov 2006, 433-437. < http://psycnet.apa.org/index.cfm?fa=buy.optionToBuy&id=2006-21056-013&CFID=6887720&CFTOKEN=27821884>
3. Mayorga, Patty. http://pmayorga.blogspot.com/2010/03/vivisection.html
4. Mayorga, Patty quoting Lewis Carroll’s “Some Popular Fallacies About Vivisection.”
Correction: the quail studies were by Robert Titus.
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